SIGNAL

MEDIUM • The transmission medium of a signal is the system or substance that mediates the propagation of signals. The variation of the medium is the physical change.

Image generated by AI (Gemini)

CAT SIGNALS FROM SPACE

The historic cat video beamed from a distance of 19 million miles away. It took the light signal 101 seconds to travel from the spacecraft to Earth.

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

TATERS CHASING A LASER • The cat video was successfully transmitted to Earth on December 11, 2023, by NASA's Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) experiment.

SIGNALS AND FORCES

The four fundamental forces that govern all physical interactions in the universe are: Gravitational, Electromagnetic, Weak Nuclear, and Strong Nuclear. Each one is theoretically associated with a force-carrying particle (a boson), which can be considered the signal or carrier of that force.

BOSON • Understanding what is a boson helps explain the different particles that make up the universe and the forces that govern their interactions.

Image generated by AI (Gemini)

UNBOUND SIGNALS

MATHEMATICALLY UNBOUND • Voyager1 achieved "Solar System Escape Velocity" and is moving faster than the sun can reel it in. It is the ultimate test of the electromagnetic field and currently stretching our radio signal to its absolute limit.

SIGNALS AND STRUCTURE

The signal is the only thing that creates structure. Without those "signals" (bosons) flying back and forth to tell particles how to behave, the universe would instantly dissolve. It is the "message" being passed between them that says, "Move away!" or "Come closer!"

COSMIC QUADRUPOLE • When two black holes spiral into each other, they don't just move back and forth. They spin around a center, creating a shape that acts like a spinning cross or a four-lobed shape.

Image generated by AI (Gemini)

SIGNALS AND TIME

Engineers and Scientists categorize signals in several ways, primarily on how they behave over time.

INFORMATION • To convey information is the purpose of the variation in a physical medium. A simple constant voltage doesn't convey information. It's the change from one state to another (e.g. turning a switch on and off, or modulating a carrier wave) that represents the data, sound, or image being sent.

Image generated by AI (Hostinger)

SIGNALS PROCESSING

Beyond the amplitude and time pairs, signals can be categorized in several other ways, often used in advanced Signal Processing and System Analysis: Deterministic vs. Random, Periodic vs. Aperiodic, and Energy vs. Power

Esther Bryce

Founder / Interior designer

Lianne Wilson

Broker

Jaden Smith

Architect

Jessica Kim

Photographer